Sometimes, even after good laser treatment and kenalog injections for diabetic macular edema, the edema persists or quickly recurs. Instead of repeating the laser (with its inherent risk of ischemia and burn creep which may worsen vision) or kenalog, it would be a good idea to consider an OCT to rule out VMT, as depending on the degree of traction, vitrectomy with/without peel may relieve the traction and lessen the edema. Furthermore, the vitrectomy may increase the oxygen tension in the eye which itself may improve the macular function. So, if getting frustrated with stubborn macular edema, consider vmt!