At the AGS Annual meeting, a five year follow up of the tube vs. trab (after failed primary trab) study was discussed. The failure rate was 26 vs. 47% and the re-operation rate was 9 vs. 19% in favor of the tube. The endophthalmitis rate was also better. It seems pretty settled that the tube is the better operation when the first operation fails- a study is going on now to see if the results are similar as a primary operation.